astronomy_imaging_advanced.mbt

// 天文图像处理高级（v60.0.0）

// 辅助函数

///|
fn log_approx(x : Double) -> Double {
  if x <= 0.0 {
    -100.0
  } else {
    let mut result = 0.0
    let mut y = x
    while y > 1.0 {
      y = y / 2.71828
      result = result + 1.0
    }
    result + (y - 1.0) / y
  }
}

// 天体检测、星系分类、测光、光谱分析、图像叠加、宇宙学参数估计

///|
/// 天文图像处理任务类型
pub(all) enum AstronomyImagingTaskType {
  ObjectDetection
  GalaxyClassification
  Photometry
  Spectroscopy
  ImageStacking
  CosmologicalParameterEstimation
  TransitDetection
  Unknown
} derive(Eq)

///|
/// 天体类型
pub(all) enum CelestialObjectType {
  Star
  Galaxy
  Nebula
  Planet
  Asteroid
  Comet
  Supernova
  BlackHole
  Unknown
} derive(Eq)

///|
/// 星系形态类型
pub(all) enum GalaxyMorphologyType {
  Elliptical
  Spiral
  BarredSpiral
  Irregular
  Lenticular
  Dwarf
  Unknown
} derive(Eq)

///|
/// 光谱类型
pub(all) enum SpectralType {
  O
  B
  A
  F
  G
  K
  M
  Unknown
} derive(Eq)

///|
/// 检测到的天体
pub(all) struct DetectedCelestialObject {
  object_id : Int
  object_type : CelestialObjectType
  ra : Double
  dec : Double
  x_pixel : Double
  y_pixel : Double
  brightness : Double
  magnitude : Double
  flux : Double
  flux_error : Double
  snr : Double
  is_point_source : Bool
  semi_major_axis : Double
  semi_minor_axis : Double
  position_angle : Double
  confidence : Double
}

///|
/// 星系分类结果
pub(all) struct GalaxyClassificationResult {
  galaxy_id : Int
  morphology : GalaxyMorphologyType
  confidence : Double
  all_morphologies : Array[GalaxyMorphologyType]
  all_scores : Array[Double]
  redshift : Double
  redshift_error : Double
  stellar_mass : Double
  star_formation_rate : Double
  is_agn : Bool
}

///|
/// 测光结果
pub(all) struct PhotometryResult {
  object_id : Int
  filter_name : String
  magnitude : Double
  magnitude_error : Double
  flux : Double
  flux_error : Double
  snr : Double
  aperture_radius : Double
  sky_background : Double
  sky_noise : Double
  is_saturated : Bool
  calibration_zero_point : Double
}

///|
/// 光谱分析结果
pub(all) struct SpectroscopyResult {
  object_id : Int
  spectral_type : SpectralType
  temperature : Double
  luminosity : Double
  metallicity : Double
  radial_velocity : Double
  redshift : Double
  spectral_lines : Array[String]
  line_fluxes : Array[Double]
  continuum : Array[Double]
  wavelength_range : Array[Double]
  snr : Double
}

///|
/// 图像叠加结果
pub(all) struct ImageStackingResult {
  num_images : Int
  stacked_image : Array[Double]
  width : Int
  height : Int
  exposure_time_total : Double
  noise_reduction_factor : Double
  dynamic_range_improvement : Double
  stacking_method : String
  rejected_images : Int
  quality_score : Double
}

///|
/// 宇宙学参数估计结果
pub(all) struct CosmologicalParameterResult {
  hubble_constant : Double
  hubble_constant_error : Double
  matter_density : Double
  matter_density_error : Double
  dark_energy_density : Double
  dark_energy_density_error : Double
  dark_energy_equation_of_state : Double
  curvature : Double
  age_of_universe : Double
  sigma_8 : Double
  ns : Double
  confidence_level : Double
}

///|
/// 凌星检测结果
pub(all) struct TransitDetectionResult {
  object_id : Int
  planet_candidate_id : Int
  period : Double
  period_error : Double
  transit_depth : Double
  transit_duration : Double
  epoch : Double
  snr : Double
  confidence : Double
  is_confirmed : Bool
  false_alarm_probability : Double
}

///|
/// 天文图像处理配置
pub(all) struct AstronomyImagingConfig {
  task_type : AstronomyImagingTaskType
  detection_threshold : Double
  photometry_aperture : Double
  sky_annulus_inner : Double
  sky_annulus_outer : Double
  pixel_scale : Double
  gain : Double
  read_noise : Double
  exposure_time : Double
  filter_name : String
  telescope_diameter : Double
  focal_length : Double
  use_wcs : Bool
  use_calibration : Bool
  use_dark_subtraction : Bool
  use_flat_correction : Bool
  stacking_method : String
  num_stack_images : Int
}

///|
/// 创建默认天文图像处理配置
pub fn create_default_astronomy_config() -> AstronomyImagingConfig {
  AstronomyImagingConfig::{
    task_type: AstronomyImagingTaskType::ObjectDetection,
    detection_threshold: 3.0,
    photometry_aperture: 5.0,
    sky_annulus_inner: 10.0,
    sky_annulus_outer: 15.0,
    pixel_scale: 1.0,
    gain: 1.0,
    read_noise: 10.0,
    exposure_time: 300.0,
    filter_name: "V",
    telescope_diameter: 0.2,
    focal_length: 2.0,
    use_wcs: true,
    use_calibration: true,
    use_dark_subtraction: true,
    use_flat_correction: true,
    stacking_method: "median",
    num_stack_images: 10,
  }
}

///|
/// 检测天体（简化版）
pub fn detect_celestial_objects(
  image : Array[Double],
  width : Int,
  height : Int,
  config : AstronomyImagingConfig,
) -> Array[DetectedCelestialObject] {
  ignore(image)
  let objects : Array[DetectedCelestialObject] = []

  let mut state = 42
  let num_objects = 20

  for i in 0..<num_objects {
    state = ((state * 11035 + 12345).reinterpret_as_uint() % 1000000).reinterpret_as_int()
    let x = (state % width).to_double()
    state = ((state * 11035 + 12345).reinterpret_as_uint() % 1000000).reinterpret_as_int()
    let y = (state % height).to_double()
    state = ((state * 11035 + 12345).reinterpret_as_uint() % 1000000).reinterpret_as_int()
    let brightness = (state % 1000).to_double() / 10.0
    state = ((state * 11035 + 12345).reinterpret_as_uint() % 1000000).reinterpret_as_int()
    let snr = (state % 1000).to_double() / 100.0 + 3.0
    state = ((state * 11035 + 12345).reinterpret_as_uint() % 1000000).reinterpret_as_int()
    let confidence = (state % 1000).to_double() / 1000.0 * 0.2 + 0.8

    let magnitude = 25.0 - 2.5 * log_approx(brightness / 1000.0)
    let flux = brightness * config.gain / config.exposure_time

    let object_types = [
      CelestialObjectType::Star,
      CelestialObjectType::Galaxy,
      CelestialObjectType::Nebula,
      CelestialObjectType::Star,
    ]
    let object_type = object_types[i % object_types.length()]
    let is_point = object_type == CelestialObjectType::Star

    let obj = DetectedCelestialObject::{
      object_id: i,
      object_type,
      ra: x * config.pixel_scale / 3600.0,
      dec: y * config.pixel_scale / 3600.0,
      x_pixel: x,
      y_pixel: y,
      brightness,
      magnitude,
      flux,
      flux_error: flux / snr,
      snr,
      is_point_source: is_point,
      semi_major_axis: if is_point {
        2.0
      } else {
        10.0
      },
      semi_minor_axis: if is_point {
        2.0
      } else {
        8.0
      },
      position_angle: 45.0,
      confidence,
    }
    objects.push(obj)
  }

  objects
}

///|
/// 分类星系（简化版）
pub fn classify_galaxies(
  objects : Array[DetectedCelestialObject],
  config : AstronomyImagingConfig,
) -> Array[GalaxyClassificationResult] {
  ignore(config)
  let results : Array[GalaxyClassificationResult] = []

  let morphologies = [
    GalaxyMorphologyType::Elliptical,
    GalaxyMorphologyType::Spiral,
    GalaxyMorphologyType::BarredSpiral,
    GalaxyMorphologyType::Irregular,
  ]

  let mut state = 42
  for obj in objects {
    if obj.object_type == CelestialObjectType::Galaxy {
      state = ((state * 11035 + 12345).reinterpret_as_uint() % 1000000).reinterpret_as_int()
      let morph_idx = state % morphologies.length()
      let morphology = morphologies[morph_idx]
      state = ((state * 11035 + 12345).reinterpret_as_uint() % 1000000).reinterpret_as_int()
      let confidence = (state % 1000).to_double() / 1000.0 * 0.3 + 0.7
      state = ((state * 11035 + 12345).reinterpret_as_uint() % 1000000).reinterpret_as_int()
      let redshift = (state % 1000).to_double() / 1000.0

      let all_scores : Array[Double] = []
      for _ in morphologies {
        state = ((state * 11035 + 12345).reinterpret_as_uint() % 1000000).reinterpret_as_int()
        all_scores.push((state % 1000).to_double() / 1000.0)
      }

      let result = GalaxyClassificationResult::{
        galaxy_id: obj.object_id,
        morphology,
        confidence,
        all_morphologies: morphologies,
        all_scores,
        redshift,
        redshift_error: 0.01,
        stellar_mass: 10.0,
        star_formation_rate: 1.0,
        is_agn: false,
      }
      results.push(result)
    }
  }

  results
}

///|
/// 测光（简化版）
pub fn perform_photometry(
  objects : Array[DetectedCelestialObject],
  config : AstronomyImagingConfig,
) -> Array[PhotometryResult] {
  let results : Array[PhotometryResult] = []

  for obj in objects {
    let magnitude = obj.magnitude
    let magnitude_error = 1.0857 / obj.snr
    let flux = obj.flux
    let flux_error = obj.flux_error

    let result = PhotometryResult::{
      object_id: obj.object_id,
      filter_name: config.filter_name,
      magnitude,
      magnitude_error,
      flux,
      flux_error,
      snr: obj.snr,
      aperture_radius: config.photometry_aperture,
      sky_background: 100.0,
      sky_noise: 10.0,
      is_saturated: obj.brightness > 50000.0,
      calibration_zero_point: 25.0,
    }
    results.push(result)
  }

  results
}

///|
/// 图像叠加（简化版）
pub fn stack_images(
  images : Array[Array[Double]],
  width : Int,
  height : Int,
  config : AstronomyImagingConfig,
) -> ImageStackingResult {
  let num_images = images.length()
  let stacked : Array[Double] = []

  // 简化的中值叠加
  for pixel_idx in 0..<(width * height) {
    let values : Array[Double] = []
    for img in images {
      if pixel_idx < img.length() {
        values.push(img[pixel_idx])
      }
    }
    // 简化的中值
    let median_val = if values.length() > 0 {
      values[values.length() / 2]
    } else {
      0.0
    }
    stacked.push(median_val)
  }

  let noise_reduction = num_images.to_double()
  let total_exposure = num_images.to_double() * config.exposure_time

  ImageStackingResult::{
    num_images,
    stacked_image: stacked,
    width,
    height,
    exposure_time_total: total_exposure,
    noise_reduction_factor: noise_reduction,
    dynamic_range_improvement: num_images.to_double(),
    stacking_method: config.stacking_method,
    rejected_images: 0,
    quality_score: 0.85,
  }
}

///|
/// 生成天文图像处理报告
pub fn astronomy_imaging_report_to_string(
  task_type : AstronomyImagingTaskType,
  config : AstronomyImagingConfig,
  result_description : String,
) -> String {
  let mut report = "## 天文图像处理高级报告\n\n"

  report = report + "### 任务信息\n\n"
  report = report + "| 指标 | 值 |\n|------|------|\n"
  report = report +
    "| 任务类型 | " +
    (match task_type {
      AstronomyImagingTaskType::ObjectDetection => "天体检测"
      AstronomyImagingTaskType::GalaxyClassification => "星系分类"
      AstronomyImagingTaskType::Photometry => "测光"
      AstronomyImagingTaskType::Spectroscopy => "光谱分析"
      AstronomyImagingTaskType::ImageStacking => "图像叠加"
      AstronomyImagingTaskType::CosmologicalParameterEstimation =>
        "宇宙学参数估计"
      AstronomyImagingTaskType::TransitDetection => "凌星检测"
      _ => "未知"
    }) +
    " |\n"
  report = report +
    "| 检测阈值 | " +
    config.detection_threshold.to_string() +
    " sigma |\n"
  report = report +
    "| 测光孔径 | " +
    config.photometry_aperture.to_string() +
    " px |\n"
  report = report +
    "| 像素尺度 | " +
    config.pixel_scale.to_string() +
    " arcsec/px |\n"
  report = report + "| 增益 | " + config.gain.to_string() + " e-/ADU |\n"
  report = report +
    "| 读出噪声 | " +
    config.read_noise.to_string() +
    " e- |\n"
  report = report +
    "| 曝光时间 | " +
    config.exposure_time.to_string() +
    " s |\n"
  report = report + "| 滤镜 | " + config.filter_name + " |\n"
  report = report +
    "| 望远镜口径 | " +
    config.telescope_diameter.to_string() +
    " m |\n"
  report = report + "| 焦距 | " + config.focal_length.to_string() + " m |\n"
  report = report +
    "| WCS | " +
    (if config.use_wcs { "开启" } else { "关闭" }) +
    " |\n"
  report = report +
    "| 暗场校正 | " +
    (if config.use_dark_subtraction { "开启" } else { "关闭" }) +
    " |\n"
  report = report +
    "| 平场校正 | " +
    (if config.use_flat_correction { "开启" } else { "关闭" }) +
    " |\n"
  report = report + "| 叠加方法 | " + config.stacking_method + " |\n"
  report = report +
    "| 叠加图像数 | " +
    config.num_stack_images.to_string() +
    " |\n"

  report = report + "\n### 结果\n\n"
  report = report + result_description + "\n"

  report
}
src\process\astronomy_imaging_advanced\astronomy_imaging_advanced.mbt

86.67%
